An understanding generated out of Enlightenment thought and connected to earlier Platonic thought which separated the world of human beings from the world of things, culture from nature, and so on. These dualisms have served as a basis for understanding the world and have been exaggerated throughout modernism.

Refer to Latour, B. 1993: We Have Never Been Modern. Porter, C. (trans.) Cambridge. In the context of archaeology refer to Olsen 2003 and Thomas 2004 under references.

Refer to the modernist predicament

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