753 BCE: Traditional founding date for Rome

509 BCE: Expulsion of last king; beginning of Republican Rome

496 BCE: Battle of Lake Regillus; treaty between Rome and Latin League

494 BCE: Secession of the plebs; sacrosanct tribunes

396 BCE: Rome destroys Veii

367 BCE: Licinian-Sextian Laws

287 BCE: Lex Hortensia makes plebiscita binding on all Romans

264-241 BCE: First Punic War; annexation of Sicily

218-201 BCE: Second Punic War

168 BCE: Battle of Pydna

146 BCE: Destruction of Carthage; razing of Corinth

133-121 BCE: Gracchi

107 BCE: Marius' call for volunteers/promises of rewards (Jugurthan Wars 112-105 BC)

91-88 BCE: Social War

82-79 BCE: Dictatorship of Sulla; reforms of Senate, courts, and tribunes

66 BCE: Lex Manilia grants imperium to Pompey

49-44 BCE: Civil war, dictatorship, reforms, and assassination of Caesar

31 BCE: Battle of Actium

23 BCE: 2nd settlement of Augustus; receives tribunicia potestas, maius imperius

70 CE: Destruction of 2nd temple in Jerusalem

106 CE: 2nd Dacian War (new provinces: Arabia, Armenia, Assyria, Mesopotamia)

180 CE: Commodus withdraws garrisons from the Danube

212 CE: Constitutio Antoniniana (Roman citizenship to all free inhabitants of empire)

293 CE: Creation of tetrarchy

312/313 CE: Battle of Milvian Bridge/Edict of Milan

325 CE: Council of Nicaea